Research Project Presentation

From Magazine to Glamourous

Hypothesis: 

I believe that magazines have an influence on the way females dress and do their make-up and hair through the portrayal of constantly changing trends in fashion to “look” better.

Survey Questions:

1. Are you between the ages of 12 and 26?                       

Yes                                     No

            2. How often do you buy a new magazine?

                        a.) Once a week

                        b.) Every two weeks

                        c.) Once a month

                        d.) When I like who is on the front cover

                        e.) Almost never

3. Which magazine do you most follow? (May be more than one)

                        ______________________________________________

4.  Do you get new ideas on how to “glamour up” from this/these magazine(s)?  

                                    Yes                                    NO

5. What do you most follow from a magazine?

            a.) Hair/makeup

            b.) Clothes

            c.) Shoes

            d.) Weight/fitness

Results:

3.) Which magazines are most followed?

·      People

·      Seventeen

·      Vogue

·      Fashion

·      Cosmo

·      Glamour

·      In Style

Out of the seven magazines most frequently purchased, People was the most common through 45% of the girls buying that one (which is 5/11 girls).

Conclusion:

Although most of the responses I received stated they hardly ever purchased a magazine, there was a high rate on being interested in what is in style, primarily being able to “glamour up” with makeup and dress according to fashion trends.

Unit 4, Issue 12

"Is Hate Speech in our Media Directly Affecting Our Culture?"

I believe that hate speech is being plastered all over the media. Whether it be through news, jokes/comedy, movies, internet blogs, or on magazines, hate speech has been (in my opinion) undermined for its true meaning and effects. When i think of hate speech, and just as the book stated it, i think of it "demonstrating some level of contempt for other people, but...meaning to convey the deliberate bias towards and discrimination against persons that could be incited because of the form of hate speech" (pg 256). Many people in our culture do get directly affected by hate speech because to those who are talking, there is little to no importance to the effect they are causing. I think hate speech is the cause of so much negative environment in so many cultures; its a lack of respect. 

Although places like the internet or comedy has made hate speech so liberal, it doesn't mean it has no effect on the people.  Hate speech based on race and religion are probably the two most effective ways to get an uproar of group of people seeking justice. Trying to defend using the Amendment "Freedom of Speech" simply adds on to wanting to get back and still has no defense on the line of respect people should have for others. 

Unit 1, Issue 3

"Do Media Represent Realistic Images of Arabs?"

I believe that the first point to this question would be if Arabs, and their image, are stereotyped through the eyes of society. To this questions I would say yes. I believe in many different ways - some good and others bad - it is in our human nature to stereotype people based off our own experience with them. As for the Media, I believe the media plays a crucial role in what is portrayed and most frequently believed. 

Through the reading, I believe the Media does not represent REALISTIC images, but rather images of past experiences with Arabs. The US, or society, has fallen short in exposing themselves learn the specific qualities of the Arab nation. As Jack Shaheen has stated, "Arab in American popular culture is often portrayed as a Muslim, even though Arabs represent a minority of Muslims, and that Muslims live on five continents and represent different languages and histories that defy "lumping" all of them together" (p. 49). Americans may automatically link Arabs as being Muslims because it is the trending stereotype that has been predominately portrayed in America. Through many different religions, race and ethnicity have been stereotyped into being one type. People may thing Christian and imagine the white race, or think Buddhism and imagine Chinese. This is because those religions may have originated in those parts of the world or because it is the stereotyped image that has been displayed. The impact of the terrorist attack of 9/11 also had a negative influence on the image Arabs held in the US. Even if some sort of discriminatory act was help against Arabs before that day, we cannot ignore the fact that it had a very negative but extremely powerful impact on our nation. Were measures taken to the extreme? Yes, I would say so. In many cases, certain comments or actions taken against Arabs, or Middle Eastern looking people, were very unnecessary, but on the other hand, to American's Arabs represented a threat and harm. 

As Beckerman defended his "yes" answer, I felt like saying that they are able to get their message across or have an influence through blogging just wasn't strong enough. Although many ideas and heart felt words are seen through many blogs, being able to really understand what a person represents contradicts itself. They will get to know ONE out of entire group of people, and even though many may hold the same beliefs, frustrations, and feelings, it does not give enough voice to speak for the nation as a whole. 

Stepping into talking about "the Other", I believe there will always be an "other" under any situation we face. We categorize others out of fear of the unknown. Because of this fear, we find the need to defend ourselves and seem like the stronger person...we carry that fear of simply not understanding them. Out of being comfortable and secure where we are, we don't give in to wanting to learn or even try to know, and in many other cases it's simply not possible to understand them. Everyone was made differently, whether it be by culture, gender, race, ethnic group, religion, etc., and we all stand strong to what we believe in. 

Unit 1, Issue 2

"Do Media Cause Individuals to Develop Negative Body Images?"

Through the reading, I felt like Dworkin and Wachs brought up an important point on the portrayal of females, and most recently males as well. The media has, in some way, developed an ideal way that both men and women should look like. They have portrayed the "perfect thing" or "muscular", and in doing so society has picked up this idea and compared their own image to that. The media has also given a set of things that people must do in order to "look taken care of"...things that are necessities, such as going to the spa, buying make-up, wearing certain hair products, lifting a specific amount of weight at the gym, wearing certain clothes, wearing a certain perfume, etc. 

Now seeing Levine's and Murnen's answer to this question, I felt like they didn't really defend their answer. Instead they stated facts on how the media may not be the main factor of why women become anorexic or binge eat. 

Placing both views together, i feel like the media doesn't necessarily develop negative body images, instead it portrays something that is unrealistic - a perfect body - through technological advancements, airbrushed photos, and perfect bone structures. Although the media does constantly portray the "ideal" body, most of the headlines consists of some sort of exercise or healthy eating techniques, and regardless of whether people interpret this as becoming extremely thin, or simply picking up the habit to exercise and eat healthier, i dont think theres anything wrong with shedding some unnecessary fat. Everything is possible in moderation. When people become obsessed with counting calories, skipping meals, too much exercise, etc., then i feel like they enter a self issue - not so much being influenced by the media. I do think there is a fine line between coming to understand the media will always portray entertainment, most of it being "ideal and made up", and its society that needs to draw the line in being healthy and not taking the extreme of having goals for their image that will harm their bodies. 

RA#3 Proposal

            New fashion trends roll in just way seasons do. From hairdos to shoes, and everything in between, females in our society are portrayed on the front covers of magazines as what the “ideal” look is, from head to toe. But what has come to shape the ideal weight, hair color, eye color, and “in style” outfits through the young female generation in our society? From advertizing media - such as magazines, billboards, and commercials, to articles - women are plastered all over them to: first call the attention of women, and then to lure them into looking that way. Through a survey, I’d like to know if seeing all these images have an effect on girls or women in shaping the way they appear or dress. I believe that magazine, particularly fashion magazines, have an influence on the way females dress and appear through the portrayal of constantly changing trends.

            Many researchers, some being psychologist, have studied the influence magazine portrayal of females have had, particularly on teenage girls. Many come to conclude that the results are negative because in trying to look a certain way, they come to force themselves to lose weight, or begin to dress in sensual ways. But I’d specifically like to hear the personal opinions of girls, ranging from the youngest age being in middle school – twelve - to college, and hear how much attention they give to fashion magazines to base their appearance off from. What are the most popular fashion magazines being used? Does it differ in age? Do they pick it up based on whose image is on the front cover that month?

            Through a posting online, I’d like to see how many girls respond to using fashion magazines to follow trends. Some of the questions I’d like to ask are:

1. Are you between the ages of 12 and 26?                       

Yes                                     No

            2. How often do you buy a new fashion magazine?

                        a. Once a week

                        b. Every two weeks

                        c. Once a month

                        b. When I like who is on the front cover

2. Which fashion magazine do you most follow? (May be more than one)

                        ______________________________________________

3.  Do you get new ideas on how to dress from this magazine(s)?  

                                    Yes                                    NO

I feel like through this, and mush more thorough research, I’ll be able to have an idea on how much fashion magazines do come to begin trends in our society. Appearance, to many, is one of the most import aspects – especially for women – and for many different reasons. But I do believe that magazines, and many other forms of media have played a very important role in causing this effect. 

Unit 2, Issue 5

"Do Video Games Encourage Violent Behavior?"

Reading through both answers - yes and no - I would have to say that I agree more with "yes". One of the eye catching things Anderson stated was, "...The active role required by video games is a double-edge sword. It helps educational video games be excellent teaching tools for motivational and learning process reasons. But it also may make violent games even more hazardous than violent television or cinema" (pg 94). Through this statement alone I realized something i had never before. Many people may come to defend video games - such as Jenkins - in saying there isn't an effect on violence in the lives of the kids or teenagers growing up, but then how can educational videos have a positive effect? 

I do feel like "encourage" is a strong word for the effect violent video games have on behavior. I would use more like "demonstrate", "portray", or even "teach", because at the end, most people are visual learners and we retain more information if we SEE it instead of just hear it. If violence in movies and video games - or any form of media - didn't have an effect on the behavior we may pick up, then why are things rated? Wouldn't a child be able to go in and see a "rated R movie for violence" if it didn't have an effect on them? Parents clearly take care of their children and do not want them influenced by watching violent behavior or playing violent video games because, lets admit, most children imitate just about anything as they are learning new things. 

Something that Jenkins pointed out was that the "strongest risk factors...was centered on mental stability and the quality of home life" (pg. 99), which i think is a very valid statement! But although these children may have not been so direct in touch with the media - or violence portrayed in media - through the years, videos do raise stability in their behaviors and encourages them to view the "wrong" as being "normal and right". 

So i would say that violent video games don't necessarily encourage the behavior, but instead it has the tendency to influence the wrong from being viewed as fun and games. Just as many come to learn positive and educational things through many video games, others don't see how serious violence can be in real life, as opposed to what is "played" on the tv screen. 

Unit 2, Issue 7

"Is Advertising Good for Society?"

Through reading Calfee's response to "yes, i really liked how he pointed out the truth about advertising. Although it is a "tool for communicating information...it primarily seeks to persuade...to induce a consumer to do one particiular thing - usually, but a product". Advertising will always reflect something new and appealing to the public; something they are missing and can in some way use...or want! And im glad Calfee is aware that the advertising is meant to lure people in. As he also points out that "seellers focused on the information that favor their own product" to me is common sense, and its not only something that happens in advertising. It is in our nature as people to reflect the positive. People don't go around pointing our their flaws and much less showing their negative attitudes to everyone; to the contrary they may even appear to be something they really are not. Its when you really get to know someone that you can see who they really are. There is competition in all advertising, but there are certain things - such as slogans and logos - that mark them as unique. What has made certain products more successful is the simple fact that people have gone, tried their product, and stayed using it because of its quality. In my opinion, what makes a product successful isn't so much paid advertising, but quality and getting the liking of the people.

Now viewing Godreg's point of view for "no", i would highly agree with his statement, "advertising today has little to do with introducing a new product...it has everything to do with images, dreams and emotions". An advertisements rises in quality or attention through the use of images that engage a person's emotions. When a celebrity is seen using a certain product, it draws people's attention to want to try it or have it because they celebrities are people looked up to. It doesn't make the product any better or worse, it simply is an image to draw the attention and interests of the people. I would have to disagree with the fact that advertising "pins people down" out of causing people to buy and buy, or that it is just directed towards people with money. People in the world are guided to purchase our of self control - if no one had self control in any aspect the world would be a mess! So, although advertising is used to lure people into wanting something, reality is that a mature and responsible adult will simply know better than to buy something out of emotion. 

So to generalize my thoughts, i would come to say that advertising is good to expand business. There will always be competition, but i am a strong believer in honesty...especially of a product. And in this case, i would say its the "small print" that makes all the difference. It might be hard to read, but at the end one needs to pay attention to every detail if they are really interested. 

RA#2

            Survey and Write-up Results

          As other researchers have tried to give a correct answer to the puzzling question “are people better informed in the informed society?” they have been unsuccessful. Linda Jackson proposed the “yes” answer in giving a thorough response in how technological advancements, Internet, and particularly the computer, has had a positive effect on the “cognitive and visual skills” (pg 366). On the opposing side stood Bauerlein answering “no” to this question in the defense that newer technology has casted children to greatly rely on the computer to do the research for them, therefore not allowing them the opportunity to go out and physically experience the history in the making. Having seen both opinions, I came up with a few questions that would help answer my own hypothesis: through spending time listening, watching, or reading any form of media, citizens do become better informed about current events and political issues.

            In order to perform this survey, I wrote out three simple questions that have been covered by the Internet, TV, radio, and newspapers. The last question gives a rough estimate of the amount of weekly hours spent incorporating either of these forms of media into their lives.

Survey Questions

"Are People Better Informed In the Information Society?"

1. Who is our current governor or California? (Write down his/her name or circle "I don't know").

______________________________                            or                       I don't know 

2. List at least two people running for governor of the state of California (or circle "I don't know"). 

_______________________________

_______________________________                         or                        I don't know 

3. What month is the next Election Day for California's Governor? (choose one) 

a. October

b. November 

c. December 

d. January 

4. How many hours a week do you roughly spend…

-       On the Internet ______

-       Watching TV ______ Total: _______

-       Listening to the Radio ______

-       Reading the Newspaper/Magazine ______

          The survey was conducted in a written form so the students would not have the opportunity to look up the answer online. In this way, the answer had to be directly from recalling the information the students have heard mentioned through whichever form of media. As they recorded their answers I would collect the pieces of paper and keep a chart of my own on the correlation between the number of correct answers and the total of hours spent being informed through the media. From a total of roughly 8,000 college students, a class of 40 students was chosen to be the sample of the population, leaving us with only .5% of accurate results.
Results

Question 1	36 people answered correctly – Arnold Schwarzenegger	4 people answered  “I don’t know”
Question 2	22 people were able to name TWO governor candidates	18 people were either only able to name ONE or answered “I don’t know”
Question 3	30 people answered correctly - November	10 people answered incorrectly
Question 4	31 people (77.5%) spend 7 or MORE hours a week engaging in some sort of media.	9 people (22.5%) spend 6 hours or LESS a week engaging in some sort of media.

          Through these results, there was a greater amount of correct answers or known information; out of 120 answers, 94 were answered correctly, and 78% of the sample population spends a higher amount of time using some sort of media. Connecting the amount of correct answers to the hours spent using some sort of media shows that there is a correlation between engaging in media and being informed. Weather the use of media is directed towards giving political information or simply to entertain, there are many announcements, ads, commercials, or photographs in the all these forms of media that quickly portray the answer to these questions. So being a part of an informational society does broadcast information through the various sources of media people use, giving, in this case, student important current events surrounding them.  

Survey Questions

"Are People Better Informed 

in the Information Society?"

1. Who is our current governor or California? (write down his/her name or circle "I don't know").

________________________________     


or   


I don't know 


2. List at least two people running for governor of the state of California (or circle "I don't know"). 

_______________________________

_______________________________           


or 

I don't know 


3. What month is the next Election Day for California's Governor? (choose one) 

a. October
b. November 
c. December 
d. January 



4. How many hours a week do you roughly spend...
     - Watching TV ______
     - On the Internet ______
     - Reading the Newspaper/Magazine ______

Unit 6, Issue 18

"Are People Better Informed in the Information Society?"

As I first read this title my first thought was "yes...more information leads to more knowledge". But through the readings and viewing both Jackson's and Bauerlein's point of view, i wasn't so quick to answer. I stopped to think what information is really being found through the various sources of information, which continues to expand by the minute (figuratively speaking). 

Through the reading, i stand pretty neutral to my answer, and here's why. As Jackson highlighted, all the new forms of technology - particularly computers - have enhanced a new of learning, especially for students. I would imagine it is much more interesting to be hands on doing the work in a way that looks appealing, such as seeing it on a screen in front of you where the student has control of the pace and what they are learning, than sitting in lecture to try to listen and pay attention to the teacher for however long straight; they lose the control of "stop, pause, and rewind" with a teacher. Or in a more realistic situation, instead of summer's being spend sitting around doing nothing, the computer can be a very useful tool to continue practicing the subject. Through the higher grade levels, the more research needs to be done. Internet has provided a great amount of information available to student to not only search specific topics, but also read news and current events. Now i would say there is a downside to this - internet can be distracting! With so many forms of communication through the internet itself, its so easy for a student to log on to "facebook, messenger, email, youtube, or even reading articles on event that has nothing to do with the subject one is researching, etc." and find ENTERTAINMENT which strays the attention away from the actual research they should be doing. So from experience i can say it takes a lot of self control! 

Through recognizing the distraction internet and other technological advancements can really be to students, Bauerlein brings up a good point. I would even say all these advancements have cause us to be lazy in our knowledge because its not so mush about memorizing anymore, instead its about having direct access to look anything up when needed. It is true that even say 20 years ago, having to put the effort to read the newspaper and listen to the news on the radio placed a higher amount of curiosity and sense of WANTING to LEARN. But this isn't true for everyone. 

So i cant really say its made the information society has not made people better informed, but for the most part its made people rely solely on technology to do the work for them. 

RA#1

October 12, 2010

Al Jazeera Network,

The quality of a story is portrayed through the accuracy, honesty, and unbiased, thorough facts and observations. Through your online news page, in my opinion, you have been able to pinpoint what it means to be a good quality network. The detail of your website has captured the importance, not only of events occurring in your country, but around the world. You have organized your website, not only to be an outlet of news, but also a source of receiving feedback and opinion of the people, keeping in touch with the voice of crowd.

The essence of interest is the most important to gain and keep one’s attention. Through the headline readings portraying international news, you have used photographs and distinct words to call people in wanting to know more. Below the main headlines for “today”, the column of videos gives direct visual of current events, which in many occasions allows people to retain that information in a stronger manner as opposed to simply reading the articles.  Your news bulletin contains direct footage of your news broadcast on impacting stories, changing day by day. Going into depth, you share particular stories that you feel have a stronger root, being unable to express that importance in a simple headline. Through being an outlet for news, you also keep a blog divided in sections of interest, such as “Americas, Asia, and the Middle East”. By reviewing the opinions before being posted, you have been able to keep order according to your community rules, along with avoiding conflict through mislead and abusive words. 

Your headlines have come to show the integrity of publishing factual news. A particular story dated October 9, 2010, titled “Chile Rescue Shaft ‘Reaches’ Miners”, accompanied by a photograph of the miners awaiting their rescue, was written with such emotion and detail to fully allow the reader to engage in the event presently taking place in Chile. There were quotes from the Reporter, Health Minister, Engineer in charge, and the President of Chile, all giving the story a deeper feeling in knowing the direct words of these very important and influential men  - particularly for this situation. The detail in giving precise dates, Doctors orders for the miners through this process of being rescued, hours left to see the face of these men again, and the crowd of family and journalist/camera crew from around the world sleeping in tents outside the mine, where they now call “Camp Hope”, gives the reader an anticipated feeling in wanting to stay in touch with every hour that passes awaiting the rescue. But in reading the note “All 33 of us are well inside the shelter” from the eldest miner Mario Gomez, after two weeks of having pronounced dead was the moment that made this entire story come to life. Comparing the writing of this story to the article “Celebration in Chile Drill Reaches Minors” dated October 9, 2010 Fox News, I was able to clearly see the difference in how you portray detail and emotion instead of simply giving the factual information.

To formally conclude this letter, I would simply like to thank you for your hard work in covering the various amounts of stories from around the world. You have heard the voice of the people and taken into account the importance of focusing solely in being honest and accurate in each story, with of course having facts to support your information, constantly staying observant to the truth happening around us.

Respectfully,

Haley Y. Alvarado

International Perspectives on Local/Global Issues

In comparing the different sources of International News, it was hard to stick to one particular topic. But I was able to choose one genera and keep the headlines focused on that - the Middle East. There were various stories being portrayed but here a few i found interesting.

Australian Network - 

http://australianetwork.com - the story titled "Taliban in 'secret talks' with Karzai"

Qatar Network - http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2010/10/20101071254383435.html

Russian Network - 

http://english.pravda.ru/world/americas/29-09-2010/115132-america_afghanistan-0/

England Network - 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-11482626

 

Vietnam Network -

 http://www.thanhniennews.com/2010/Pages/20100702170644.aspx

Although these five stories are tied in by the same factor of all being headlines containing some sort of information or story about the Middle East, i noticed each news station portrayed the headlines differently. BBC had a wide variety of news on its home page - it does not cover only news from England. They had the US, Canada, Latin America, the UK, Africa, Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, South Asia, and of course Europe. As i searched the rest of the networks, i noticed the variety decreased. Quatar news had stories from Africa, Americas, Asia-Pacific, Central and South Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. Yet when getting to the Russian network "Pravada", the main headline were Russia and the rest of the world bundled in one category. The Japanese website also mainly focused on strictly Japan with their "world" category still focusing on Asian countries such as Vietnam and China. The "Vietnam News" portrayed only news from Vietnam, but the other website "thanhniewnnews.com" had a few headlines on Obama and Australian stories, but none the less very few. 

From this i picked up that BBC would probably be the network with the most variety, and in some way knows how to get its viewers interested by portraying so many stories. The other networks do tend to primarily tell important news from their own countries - and "www.nht.org.jp" is even in Japanese!

Fox Article Posting

"Fox Primary: Complicated, Contractual"

Looking through the perspective of Fox, they have a great deal laid out for them. They have the information at the tip of their fingers, of course with the cost of having them on payroll for being in contract with them. Is that high price worth to pay? In the competitive world, it most certainly is! They are the first to broadcast direct information from these influential faces who constantly come out with new ideas, headlines, and movements to change the country we live in. I'm sure they make up for all their expenses through the hours people spend watching their news and following their stories day in and day out. Journalist that work for Fox greatly benefit because they have easy access to get information from candidates as they also belong to the company, they get easy entry to any event, and nonetheless must get paid well for working for such a influential and successful company. As long as they are doing their job, Fox continues to broadcast great stories, keeping the CEO, Board of Directors, and News Producers happy. 

But what about every other news broadcast out there? CNN, MBC, NBC, ABC, etc. are all still valid news  stations that don't have the right to a scoop of the story because of contract these people hold with Fox. Journalist aren't able to do publish precise articles because of the lack of resources on these stories. And to have to even ask Fox for permission to do their work is pure degrading towards the company, making them inferior and look "less qualified" than Fox. 

As for the Candidates, I believe their main focus is simply being heard. They care more for the public and their response, the stories being exposed, and the time frame, than WHERE they are being seen. To be in a secure contract with a company that will expose them give them the security that they will be seen and heard. This doesn't make it fair to all other companies, but unfortunately other companies just might now afford to hold on to such high figures. 

But to conclude, Fox doesn't feel a threat to as many voices stand against what they are doing because at the end, they have no competition and they are the one's making the money. I do believe other companies should fight for the equal rights that pertain to ALL as news broadcasters. 

Unit 3, Issue 8

Can the Media Regain Public Trust?

I believe the media is the heart of what people come to know. They present the information in a way that will call people in, lure their attention, and then work on doing what it takes to keep them there. But knowing and being aware doesn't quite pinpoint the fact that do or do not people trust what they hear. Dictionary.com comes to define trust as:

1. reliance on the integrity, strength, ability, surety, etc., 

of aperson or thing; confidence.

2. confident expectation of something; hope.

Through the different forms of media, each story is portrayed through the viewpoint of its source. But does the media portray integrity? Or more so, are people confident in what they watch and hear? It is true there are some sources of media and news that are more reliant than others and they do carry the responsibility of keeping the public informed. With so many technological advancements, the media has expanded from newspapers to TV and internet, making more resources available to verify the strengths of the information. But even then for example, I highly doubt that someone who sits and watches the 11:00pm o'Clock news, which should be giving us current, valid information, will then get up, go to the internet and verify that the stories he just watched are true. Very  FEW if ANY would do this. 

News does help to keep the democracy from grave danger. It portrays only what they want the public to know, therefor keeping uniformity amongst the people. Yet "trust" being a very deeply rooted word, it is so hard to place one's trust in something that comes to change by the hour. 

Governor Race Info. and my Rating

SOURCE        SUBSTANTIVE COVERAGE                        HYPE                   HUMOR                    WIKIPEDIA                                       7                                0                               0                WASHINGTON POST                                      9                               3                                 0         Megwhitman.com                                       8                              4                                 0                  Jerrybrown.org                                       8                              5                              0                          YouTube                                       6                                 3                                 9

1.) GOOGLE SEARCH WIKIPEDIA: I found it very simple and easy to read and understand. It gave very basic information to get the major concept of what the Governor Race was and when it is held, who the candidates running were, and brief standings. It also gave minor detail about the candidates and their backgrounds; it had their names as link to send you to a wikipedia  page about the person themselves.

2.) WASHINGTON POST: This website portrayed direct stories from the running of the candidates. It gave their information through headline stories that grasped people's attention to read the articles. The information given is for the most part true facts about what the candidates are doing in order to win the people. There is some hype portrayed such as "horse race" - the standings of the candidates - and "hoopla" - photos of activities they are attending.

3.) MEG 2010: Meg Whitman's official website does give substantive coverage on who she is, what she represents and is fighting towards, events she does, and how to stay connected with her. It was a well organized web page and made attractive and simple for the people. But of course it is biased towards view her own interests in this running. There was hype portrayed through her strategies of change, videos, handshaking, crowds, and many more images.

4.) JERRY BROWN: Jerry Brown's official website gave substantive coverage on his view points and what he is representing in this race. He also gave a way to stay in contact with him through facebook, gmail, and yahoomail. Hype was portrayed through a commercial he recently made and through various article with photographs of activities he is attending to reach out to the people/crowd.

5.) YOUTUBE: Although it is composed of many video clips, youtube gave many short clips of personal interviews from the candidates which gave substantive information on their viewpoints and what they represent. It gave the viewers a chance to hear the candidates directly. Along side substantive information, there was also hype through news videos of standings of the candidates and how the running is going. Humor was also presented in a mocking way by the people acting or joking about the candidates.

Overall, each source gave a different perspective on the race for governor and the big decisions being made for the near future.